短文写作

一、大纲要求：

1. 能根据所给的作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等，在35分钟内写一篇200字左右的作文。 写作体裁主要以说明文和议论文为主，而且这2种体裁常常需要配合使用。比重占15%。

2. 200个单词不可能把问题的方方面面都说清楚， 所以不论是什么样的命题思路，历年的作文题目都要求考生只论述问题的一个方面、一个观点、一种立场，因此最忌讳的是泛泛而谈。

3. 纵观14年来的作文的文字说明，基本上是比较典型的‘三段式’命题作文（只有06年的题目是自拟），即第一段要明确提出自己的观点、立场或看法， 第二段进行论证或举例说明，第三段进行总结，也可以用另一种表达方法重述自己的观点，如考生 可以提出更具概括性的结论、提出建议、提出解决问题的办法、提出警告或 提出预言。

4. 附表：1995-2008年作文

1）内容切题 2）行文流畅,表达清楚 3）组织严密,逻辑性强 4）句式多变,句法结构正确

5）用词得体,恰当,丰富 6）语法正确 7）拼写正确,书写整洁

二、作文讲解

1. 比较选择类作文

1）比较选择类文体分为三种类型：

比较两种事物的优缺点并表明倾向；比较两种做法的利弊并表明倾向；对一个事物或做法的利弊说明。

2）比较选择题型A：比较两种事物的优缺点并表明倾向

典型题目：

Television as a Better Source of Entertainment

A Balanced Diet: A Better Way to Stay Healthy

Is a Big University Superior to a SmallUniversity?

Which school do you prefer: A Boarding school or a Day School

Home education Outweighs Overseas education for Young Children

变通形式1： Will Phones Kill Letter Writing? (2004 TEM-4)

变通形式2： The Difference of My College Life and My Middle School Life ( 1996 TEM-4)

结构模板1

第一段： 引言段，用现象或事实引出要比较的A和B的上义词C，说明A和B是C的两个重要的选择，用一句话表明自己的观点或倾向（假如说选择是A）

第二段： 第一句承接首段观点，引出下文的发展模式（列举）

A优点之一（1句），用拓展句加以说明（2－3句）；转折关联词说明B相应的缺点（1句），并用拓展句加以说明（2句）。

A优点之二（1句），用拓展句加以说明（2－3句）；转折句说明B相应的缺点（1句），并用拓展句加以说明（2句）。

第三段： 得出比较结论，注意首尾观点一致。

Television as a Better Source of News

Among the three mass media television, newspaper and radio (短语作引言句) I regard television as a better source of news . （自己的观点，即全文的中心思想）。

My statement that television is a better source of news (段首句用同位语从句与首段中心思想衔接) is based on the following two reasons (对全段内容加以限定). The first reason is that television can report news more quickly (层次1). We can get the news at the same time when something is happening or immediately after something happened（拓展句）. While（转折，引出其它媒体的缺点不足）newspapers can only offer the news that happened a day or two days ago. The second reason is that television can report news more vividly and impressively（层次2）. With sounds and pictures on TV, we can be deeply impressed by the news as if we were personally on the spot（拓展句举例说明）. But （转折，指出不足）when we try to get news from the newspaper, we have to concentrate our mind on the lines and use our imaginations to form a concrete image, which is always tiresome and time-consuming.

According to the above mentioned reasons, we can easily draw a conclusion that television is really a better source of news（总结，重申首段观点）.

结构模板2

特别声明：此题型强调A和B某一重要差别。

第一段：引言段，从A和B的上义词，引出要比较的A和B（1句），并声明A和B之间存在明显不同的特点。

第二段：直接评述A的主要特点（1句），并加以拓展（2－3句）；提出B的主要特点（1句），并加以评述（2－3句）。

第三段：结论（通过比较得出倾向性结论，表明作者态度。）

The Main Difference between Exam-oriented Education and Quality-oriented Education

Education in China used to be exam-oriented one. But with the development of education reform, quality-oriented education is stressed again and again. So there rises a question: What is the main difference (题目要点) between these two? (提问法开头).

According to my understanding, exam-oriented education focuses on students’ ability of passing examinations of different levels. This education is to test the student’s command of knowledge they have obtained from the textbooks. So examination results are the only criterion which is used to evaluate the students whether they are “excellent” ones or “bad” ones（应试教育的主要特点）. However（转折引出素质教育的特点）, quality-oriented education focuses on

students’ various qualities, including academic quality, moral quality, cultural quality, most important, their individual personality and potentialities. Themain purpose of the education is to bring students’ practical potentialities into full play. Quality-oriented education can teach students now to face difficultiesand solve problems independently.

From the above comparison between exam-oriented education and quality-oriented education, we find that the latter one is superior（表明作者的倾向性）. So it is time for our universities and colleges to bring quality-oriented education into students’ daily life（提出建议）.

3） 比较选择题型B：比较两种做法的利弊，表明倾向

典型题眼

Where to live: in the city or in the country? (A or B)

Where to eat: in a restaurant or at home?

Whether to further study or to find a job soon after graduation?

结构模板

第一段：引言段，用现象或事实引出要比较的A和B（1句），并说明A和B有利有弊（1句）。

第二段：赞成A的人的理由总概（1句），并用拓展句加以说明（2－3句）；赞成B的人的理由总概（1句），并用拓展句加以说明（2－3句）。

第三段：A和B都有弊端（1句）。A的主要弊端（1－2句），B也有问题，举例（1－2句）。

第四段：结论就我而言，由于（不）喜欢A或B的某个（些）好处（弊病），所以选择A（B）。

Where to Work: Developed Cities or West China?

To respond to the call of the government, many graduates have gone to West China to work these years. But many students still say frankly that they would choose developed cities like Beijing and Shanghai to work. People are so distinct in the choice of work place because both working in developed cities and working in West China have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Many people appreciate the privileges the developed cities may bring to them. The developed cities may offer them more opportunities to get a good job and earn more money. And the advanced working facilities may make their work more comfortable . Nevertheless, working in West China is also very attractive. They will have more chances to learn the practical problems in poverty –stricken western areas. And therefore their abilities to solve problems will be improved.

Both working in big cities and in less developed West China may have some problems. You have to bear the working pressure from the heated competition in big cities, and you have to bear the poor working, transportation, and communicating conditions in West China.

As far as I am concerned, I would like to have the chance to improve my abilities and to contribute what I can to the development of West China. Therefore, I would choose to work in West China.

4）比较选择题型C：同一事物的利弊比较

结构模板

第一段：引题，说明A引起的争议；

转承句子（常常说任何事物有利有弊）＋点名主题，A有利有弊，且利弊主要体现在以下几个方面。

第二段：详写利弊的一端，或是利，或是弊，并证明自己的观点；

通过转承句，引起利弊的另一端，或弊，或利，并证明自己的观点。

第三段：做出结论。表明自己的观点，利大于弊，或弊大于利，或者折中。

2. 给定观点型( 意义、重要性、危害性说明类作文)

1）典型题眼：

The importance of Extracurricular Activities (2000TEM-4)

The importance of keeping a good mood (2003年TEM-4）

Travel broadens our mind(2001年TEM-4)

A major advantage or disadvantage of advertising on TV advertising(1999年TEM-4)

More pressure from academic studies does (does not) good to us (1997年TEM-4)

结构模板

第一段：引出要说明的事物，明确自己对这一事物的态度（赞同或反对、（不）应该，重要否？有利？有害？）

第二段：第一句：承接首段，观点，对本段内容及其发展方式加以限制一般用列举法，说明重要性、危害性、有利之处表现在以下几个方面：

分主题一：重要性（危害性、有利之处）之一（1句话），拓展观点（2－3句）

分主题二：重要性（危害性、有利之处）之一（1句话），拓展观点（2－3句）

第三段：结论 重要性＋建议或展望，若危害性＋警示，有利性＋建议

The importance of Extracurricular Activities （1）

Nowadays, college life is becoming more and more varied and colorful. At the same time, many people wonder whether college students should spend their precious time on those extracurricular activities. In my opinion, extracurricular activities are an important component of college life, and they play an important role in many aspects.

Firstly, extracurricular activities, especially those physical exercises can help to build our bodies. Students who do physical exercises regularly grow stronger and healthier than those who not. Besides, after taking physical exercises, students usually, become refreshed and can return to class work more energetically. Secondly, extracurricular activities can give students team-spirit and teach them how to cooperate with others. Because in those activities, students usually need to cooperate with others in order to get good achievement, from which they can learn ed in class to practice and know well what they should pay further attention to in their later study.

In a word, extracurricular activities are helpful, important and absolutely necessary. So it goes beyond doubt that we college students should take extracurricular activities and enjoy our college life.

The importance of Extracurricular Activities （2）

第一段：观点提出段

1）A common ground has been reached that college life should be varied and colorful.

2）Some people consider that extracurricular activities mean nothing to them.

3）However, I think extracurricular activities are very important for the all-round development of college students.

1）开宗明义， 引出话题：大学生活应该丰富多彩

2）引出一些人的观点，为自己的观点作铺垫：有些学生认为课外活动对他们无所谓

3）提出自己的观点：课外活动 对于一个全面发展的学生来说很重要

第二段：论证段

４）evidently, the importance of extracurricular activities embodies the following three aspects. 5) firstly, such activities can enrich the students’ college life. As an effective way of both physical and mental relaxation, extracurricular activities provide students with different opportunities to enjoy themselves and relax themselves. 6) for instance, after class students can participate in various ball games or colorful recreation activities. 7) secondly, such activities can help develop students sense of teamwork and cooperation with each other.8) for example, when involved in group activities, students will realize the limitation of their individual effort and the strength of group work. 9)finally, such activities provide the students with an opportunity to be sociable, which is surely helpful for them to communicate with different people in the future after they graduate from college.

4) 过度句　５）具体阐述题中观点的理由一　６）对理由一的举例

７）具体阐述题中观点的理由二　　８）对理由二的举例

９）具体阐述题中观点的理由三

第三段：观点总结段

In brief, extracurricular activities are of great importance to college students. Only when college students are fully aware of the importance can they really enjoy their college life and have an all-round development of their physical strength and mentality.

总结全文， 重申观点

Exercise 1

Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the significance of travel through our own experience.

Write on answer sheet one a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

You are to write in three parts:

In the first part, state what the topic actually means to you.

In the second part, give one or two examples to illustrate your ideas.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

1) today, many of us go traveling every year during the long holidays. As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life. 2)it goes without saying that through our own experience we have come to know the significance of travel. 3)in my opinion, travel can broaden our mind in the sense that it helps us to know more about our splendid civilization.

4) in order to see this point clearly, I take my own experience as an example.5)last National Holiday, I visited TaishanMountain, a world known natural scenery, and Qu Fu, a world famous historical and cultural city. On the top of the TaishanMountain I was deeply moved by the natural beauty, picturesque scenes and especially the inscriptions carved on the rocks by so many historical figures, who so profoundly expressed their love for our country. In Qu Fu,I was thoroughly attracted by our great culture and long history of civilization, especially the school of elite built by Confucius as the greatest educator. I felt very proud of cultural lineage.

6) on the whole, travel really opens our mind because it enables us to know about the beautiful scenery, the long history and the great culture of a nation. 7) so, every time we travel around, we will experience something new in mind.

Exercise 2

Should old men live with young people together, or should they live in the old-man clubs for old men?Write a composition of about 200 words in the following topic:

Old Man Should Live in the Old-man Clubs

You are to write in three parts:

In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.

In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary

A common ground has been reached that, we have stepped into an old-man world with the development of society. Under this circumstance, many old-man clubs have come into being. Some people consider that old-man clubs lack family atmosphere. However, I think it is a good practice to solve old-man problems.

Firstly, many young people are quite busy now. they devote themselves wholly to their work and life, so that they cannot spare enough time to stay with their parents. Old-man clubs can offer generous food and entertain-ment facilities to the old people, rendering them a happy life there. In the old-man clubs, they can also make some new companions and friends and establish good relationship with them. Secondly, with the acceleration of people’s living tempo, many young people are facing heavy pressure from the society, their work and families. If they live together with their parents, they will shoulder the responsibility to care for them and their pressure will become heavier and heavier. Old-man clubs relieve the heavy burden for them and make them concentrate on their work fully. Lastly, old-man clubs can also give good medical care to the old people. If old men live with their family, they are not ensured to be sent to the hospital immediately after they get ill. In the old-man clubs, they can get good medical care and recover soon.

To sum up, I think the emergence of old-man clubs is a good thing for old people. It provides the old people with a better environment.

3.观点论证类作文（立场选择型）

典型题眼

Is money all powerful?

Is thrift necessary in modern society?

Some people think that machine translation can replace our English study.

Do you agree with these people?

What’s your opinion about reducing children’s excessive assignment?

有时候这类作文的标志十分明显，即“二选一”，也就是“which one do you prefer”的问题。 在历年作文中，这种题型的基本模式是考生完全倾向于一种观点，也就是 “完全一边倒”，考生在文章中完全同意一种观点。如：

1997年的 “ More Pressure from Academic Studies Does (or Does No) Good to Us”,

1999年的 “A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television”,

04年的 “Will Phones Kill Letter Writing”

06年的 “Saving Money or Using Tomorrow’s Money”

07年的 “Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?”

有时候，作文题目中只出现单方面的观点

结构模板1

当作文题目只出现单方面的观点时

第一段：引题，或者描述一个情景，或者提出别人对这一问题的观点来引出主题。或者反转法（turnabout)，引出和别人相反的观点；或顺承别人的观点表示同意。

第二段：观点段，承接首段观点，对本段内容加以限制；观点不同方面的体现＋证明、解释、说明

第三段：回顾、总结观点，一般会有一个引导的词或是短语＋回顾点题的句子。

Is Money All Powerful?

In modern society, may people are money-oriented, they believe “money talks” and they try their best to run after money (事实陈述法作引言句). While(转折，表达自己的看法)in my opinion, money is not all powerful in some aspects.

I have sufficient reasons to explain my statement that money is not all powerful(段落主题句用同谓结构重申自己观点，同时又承上启下). With money, we can only buy some material things, but not the spiritual ones(层次句1). For example(举例说明金钱的局限性), we can buy a big house, but we may fail to have a family; We may buy any medicine with money, but we may not have a good health. Running after money so eagerly ay lead to violations of the law and breaks of discipline(层次句2，说明追逐金钱的危害性). Many criminals admit that they committed crimes just for the purpose of making more money. When in prison, it is too late for them to blame themselves.

From the above analyses, we can see that money is not so powerful. Therefore, we should possess a correct attitude towards money and try not to be the slave of money(得出结论，提出建议)

模板一：

1) When asked about/when it comes to事物/问题，different people will offer different opinions. 2)Some people take it for granted that 观点一。3)In their opinion, 观点一的理由 4) However, others hold that 观点二 5）they maintain that 观点二的理由。6） weighing up these two arguments, I think 观点一/观点二

7）For one thing/on one hand, 理由一.for example, 举例说明理由一.8） for another /on the other hand, 理由二. for instance, 举例说明理由二 .

Therefore, as stated above, 重申观点.

模板二：

1）Different people have different views on 看法/问题。2) some prefer 一种看法/观点。 3) others tend to 另一种看法/观点。4) as to me, I agree to the first/second opinion.

5) the following reasons can account for may preference for 我赞同的观点 。6) the main reason is that 支持观点的 理由一 。 7) a good example to illustrate is that 支持理由一的例子。 8) in addition/moreover/what’s more, 支持观点的理由二。

9) from the foregoing,

结构模板2

第一段： 引言句引出要评论的问题或事物，第二句提出自己的论点。

第二段：段首句承上启下，限定论据的范围。

正面论据之一（具有概括性）：用拓展句加以延伸。

正面论据之二（或反面论据），用拓展句加以延伸。

第三段：

结论，进一步阐述观点。

Exercise 1

Some families decide not to buy televisions because they think TV influences the development of the creativity of children. What do you think?

Write a composition of about 200 words in the following topic:

Television Will Affect Children’s Creativity or Not?

You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.

In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Different people have different views on television’s effect on the children’s creativity. Some people prefer the view that the televisions influence the development of the creativity of children. Others think that the televisions relax the children. As to me, I believe that television will not affect children’s creativity as exaggerated.

The following reasons can account for my view. The main reason is that television is the most effective tool to inform children of the latest news and scientific development all over the world. Television tells us the recent develop-ment of some researchers, such as clone technology, genetic breakthroughs and so on, which can stimulate the imagination of children and encourage them to carry out relevant experiments, making new findings and breakthroughs in their study. In addition, some programs like adventures and geography or about science can enlarge the scope of children’s knowledge. With the emergence of information technology, the knowledge in text books cannot satisfy children’s curiosity any more. Children need to learn wider knowledge and know more about our world. Programs like adventures can cultivate children’s creativity and the ability to tackle difficulties; programs like geography can teach children knowledge about different countries in the world and initiate their aspiration to know about the nature; programs about science can inspire children’s interest in science and technology.

From the foregoing, we can easily see that television will not influence children’s creativity. However, it is desirable that, the government and the whole society should do their utmost to prohibit the unhealthy contents on TV.

Exercise 2

Someone like smoking, but someone disgust the smoking, even think all the smoking people should quit smoking. Is it necessary to forbid smoking? What do you think?

Write a composition of about 200 words in the following topic:

Is It Necessary to Forbid Smoking?

You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.

In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

When it comes to smoking, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that smoking can bring them pleasure. In their opinion, smoking enriches their brain and makes them energetic. However, others hold that smoking does harm to the human being. Weighing up two opinions, I think smoking is harmful to people’s health, and therefore it is necessary to forbid smoking.

On one hand, tobacco is a silent killer to smokers. Tobacco is known to be the probable cause of some 25 different diseases, and for some, such as lung cancer, throat cancer, cough, it is the main cause. According to a WHO report, four million people die yearly from tobacco-related diseases, which means one death every eight seconds. Tobacco is significantly becoming a greater cause of death and disability than any other single cause.

On the other hand, more and more young people under 18 years old who smoke cigarettes have been blinded by the deceit of tobacconists. Tobacco among adolescents remains stubbornly persistent. Smoking among adolescents rose in the 1990s in several developing countries, such as China, Vietnam and Thailand. Tobacco has been a global threat.

Therefore, as stated above, smoking should be banned, because it poses the hazard to people’s health, and it misleads the adolescents easily.

4. 现象解释类作文

典型题眼

Teenager Smoking Soars

Why College Students Have Difficulty in Finding Jobs?

The Reasons for the Young Children’s Crimes

结构模板

第一段：通过数据展示和现象描述，提出问题可能的原因有如下几个方面。

第二段：承接首段观点，对本段内容加以限制；分层次说明现象的原因。

用固定句式（表层次的）引出原因之一，并对原因进行解释。

用固定句式（表层次的）引出原因之二，并对原因进行解释。

第三段：结论，简要提出建议。

第一段描述现象

第二段说明现象产生的原因

第三段表明个人的观点态度或阐述个人做法

可变通的语言模板1

As is clearly shown by the (table, chart, graph), obviously there is a great rise in…., while there is a great falling in ….现象 （According to the recent survey, 现象）

There are three reasons for this (tendency, phenomenon). (Several factors contribute to the ….) One is that…. Another important reason lies in the fact that… What’s more…

To the tendency (phenomenon), I suggest/think…. (In a word, if…. there is certain to be….)

可变通的语言模板2

引言段最后一句可以是：

The reasons for this phenomenon can be listed as follows.

The following three reasons can explain the problem.

This situation comes from the reasons below.

结尾段可以这样表达：

In light of the explanation of its causes above, we suggest that…

After analyzing the causes of this matter, I would like to suggest that…

Teenager Smoking Soars

In the past 20 years China has experienced an alarming increase in teenage smoking: the number of boys who smoked rose from 6 percent in 1980 to 23 percent in 2000, and during the same years, the number of girls who smoked increased as much as 15 times. The statistics look quite disturbing and cause people to ask why. (用数据法引出青少年吸烟人数增多这一社会现象）

     The factors for a great rise in teenage smoking are complex. Some attribute it to the increased standard of living which enables kids to have more pocket money, and others place the blame on cigarette advertising and the import of cigarettes, which give them easy access to Marlboros. Whatever the causes, only particular external circumstances have been examined.（外在原因） The factors, actually, are psychological as well as social. Most young people begin to smoke just out of curiosity: they have a strong desire to experience the pleasure of smoking which is forbidden to them. They also have a subconscious feeling that smoking will make them mature and tough and sophisticated. When they light up a cigarette, and produce puffs of smoke carelessly, they are under the illusion that they are grown-up instead of kids and that they are admired rather than rejected by society. （内在原因）

     To help them get rid of such foolish ideas is the first step towards the effort to prevent children from starting to smoke, and then we may conduct a more extensive campaign to make them aware of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. （提出解决问题的方法）

Why College Students Have Difficulty Finding Jobs

A recent survey shows that about 30% college students can’t find a suitable job after their graduation from college. And the number seems to be increasing(用数据法开头，通过具体数据提出问题）。

The causation of this phenomenon lies in three aspects(段落主题句，分析其原因，并用三个方面加以限定）。First(原因之一），our society can’t provide sufficient job vacancies for the graduates because of the economic depression and reform of labor force division. Second(原因之二），the academic subjects of the college students fail to meet the needs of a certain job. What they have learned in college falls far behind the practical working requirements. Third(原因之三），college students are too particular about their future job. Many graduates only want to have a job with high salary. They refuse to work in the area of harsh living and working conditions(具体说明）

The above mentioned analyses tell us that the causes are various. But if college students don’t take personal interests into consideration too much and if they change their employment concept, they can still have chance to find a job(用条件句提出解决问题的建议）。

现象解释型叙述类12句作文专用模板

1)It so happened that__________. 2)Just at the moment,_____.

3)It impressed me most because_________. 4)What happened was___________.

5) At first,_______. 6)Almost at the same time,______. 7)What’s more,______.

8)As a result,______. 9)As I understand,_____. 10)On the one hand,_____.

11)On the other hand,______. 12)Therefore,_______.

Exercise

Harmfulness of Fake Commodities

1)目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)，为什么会有这种现象？

2)举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害

Harmfulness of Fake Commodities

1)Nowadays, more and more fake commodities are appearing in the market. 2)For one thing, there are many kinds of fake commodities. 3)For another, the quantity of fake commodities is on the increase.4)It is obvious that fake commodities have become a serious problem to us.

5)Many remarkable factors contribute to this problem.6) First of all, fake commodities may bring good profits for producers.7)In addition, our market supervision is still not powerful enough.8)Thirdly, a lot of fake commodities are much cheaper than genuine ones.

9)As to me, I believe the government will solve this problem soon.1 0)As we know, fake commodities have posed a severe threat to the healthy development of our socialist market.11)Besides, many fake commodities may harm the consumers’ health and even lives.12)In a word, fake commodities will be eliminated sooner or later.

It Pays to be Honest

1)Recently, we often hear complaints about dishonesty. 2) What amazes us most is that a lot of students cheat in exams.3)It is true that there are dishonest practices in all walks of life.

4)There are many reasons explaining these dishonest behaviors.5)The main reason is that countless people neglect the moral values in pursuit of their own interests.6)What’s more, we lack effective laws and regulations of supervision.7)Thirdly, a great many dishonest people can escape punishment.8)As a result, the problem of dishonesty becomes very serious.

9)Considering all these, I still want to argue that it pays to be honest in the long run.10)For one thing, honesty is a traditional virtue of Chinese.11)For another, even dishonest people like making friends with honest people.12)In conclusion, we should be honest.

5. 提出建议、解决问题类

此类考题就是首先提出问题，然后要求考生提供一个最好、最有效的解决途径，并加以解释或论证，也称“how to” 结构。如：My Idea of a University Arts Festival

One Way to Solve the Problem

The Best Way to Stay Healthy2002

Present a Suggestion to Arts Festival

One Way to Solve Transportation Problem

The Best Way to Save Power

结构模板

第一段（1）引出所要解决的问题及其严重性或必要性。（2）明确提出建议

第二段：承接首段观点，对本段内容加以限制，即建议从哪个角度、哪个方面讲能解决问题。角度一（方面一）用推理、举例等方法拓展自己的观点。角度二（方面二）用推理、举例等方法拓展自己的观点。

第三段：做出结论，建议行动，展望建议实施后的前景。

这种题型的作文构思相对比较简单。写这种作文时，考生应把主要精力放在语言表达上。

另外，考生需记住仅对事物的一个方面进行论证，否则就跑题。

以98年的题目为例：解决城市空气污染的方法可能很多，但考生应该记住题目的要求，在第一段提出一个解决的办法，在第二段论证这个办法的优点，第三段对自己的观点进行重申、总结。

可变通的语言模板1

…has become a serious problem in…. To solve the problem, many and varied proposals have been presented, like…. My advice is that… can be a good way to solve the problem.

… may contribute to the solution to … for the two reasons. The first reason is that… can…

The second reason is that…

From the above evidence, we can easily see the effect… may bring us in solving the problem of… We are expecting…

可变通的语言模板2

… has been attached great importance to when ….

As to the ways to …, different people have different views. Some…, but others…. In my opinion,… is the best way to…

My suggestion of … as the best way to … are based on the following two reasons. Firstly, …can …. Secondly, …can….

The benefits of … are more than I have stated, I believed….

One Way to Solve pollution from Vehicles

It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. Some solutions to the problem have been proposed, such as reducing the number of vehicles and using lead-free petrol. However, I would suggest replacing petrol with electricity as the source of power.

The substitution of electricity for petrol is advantageous for at least two reasons. On the one hand, electricity is clean. As we know, the use of petrol has proved to be the most serious cause of pollution when we drive in vehicles. If electricity is applied, no pollutants will be yielded or produced. On the other hand, unlike petrol, electricity is almost inexhaustible. Now that many ways of generating electricity are available today, the resort to electricity may free us from the worry that the power needed for vehicle use may run out someday. As a consequence, we will not have to impose restrictions on the use of vehicles. Nor will we need to trim down their number.

To sum up, using electricity as power is arguable an ideal solution to the problem of vehicle pollution. It can both deep the air clean and permanently satisfy the needs of vehicle users.

12句话作文模板

①. it is well known that 论点或现象 。

②.the truth of it is self-evident. ③.no one can deny that观点的 理论依据。 ④.therefore，总结句或提出自己的观点。

⑤ Many remarkable facotrs/reasons contribute to this argument. ⑥ First of all, 理由一⑦ for example, 支持理由一的实例。⑧ what’s more,理由二。 ⑨ besides, 理由三。

⑩ All mentioned above tell us that 重申观点 .

therefore, there is no doubt that 结论 .

in short,总结全文

Exercise Lack of electricity has brought great troubles to production and citizen’s life. Some people suggest building more power plants. But others suggest saving electricity consumption.

The Best Way to Solve Power Insufficiency

You are to write in 3 parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.

In the second part, support our view with one or two reasons.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

.The Best Way to Stay Healthy

It is well known that nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health in such a rapid pace of modern life. The truth of it is self-evident. As to the best was to keep healthy, some people insist on a balanced diet, and others argue for physical exercise. No one can deny the function of physical exercise. Therefore, in my opinion, the best way to keep fit is to take proper physical exercise.

Many remarkable reasons contribute to this argument. First of all, taking proper physical exercise can help you burn your excessive fat, which is much safer than any drug to lose weight. What’s more, taking proper physical exercise can speed up a patient’s recovery. However severe his illness may be, the process of exercise can more or less do good to him, for it can quicken the rate of blood circulation, and help him to inhale more fresh air. Besides, by taking proper physical exercise you can get your brain refreshed, which is of vital importance to the people working at offices and students in intensive study.

Therefore, there is no doubt that the best way to stay healthy is to take proper physical exercise.