高考英语一轮重点复习 module 8 unit1 & unit2
一、重点单词
1. happen v.发生 happening n.事件;偶然发生的事情
归纳: happen to do…碰巧
happen to sb.（某人）发生什么事了
it happened that…碰巧
if anything happens to him, please let me know. 万一他有什么不测,请告诉我.
it happened that i had no money on/about/with me. 碰巧我身上没带钱.
=i happened to have no money on/about/with me.
辨析：happen, occur, take place, come about
happen一般用语，强调事情发生的偶然性
occur较正式,既可以指自然发生，也可以指有意安排
take place指有计划,事先安排的进行的含义
come about注重事情发生的原因，常与how连用
考点例题：
1）when did the accident _____________________?
2）it _____________________ to me that he might agree with the idea.
3）the concert will _______________________ next sunday.
4）how did the quarrel ________________________?
5）改错：china has happened /taken place great changes since 1978.
_____________________________________________________________
（great changes have happened/taken place in china since1978.）
注意：happen, occur, take place和come about都是不及物动词,无被动语态
2. population n.人口
（1）对人口提问用what, 不用how many, how much。
这个城市有多少人口？______________ is the population of the city?
（2）population 作主语时用单数，但前有分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。
中国人口比美国人口多。
the population of china ____________larger than _____________of america.
80%的人口是农民。
80% of the population _______________farmers.
（3）人口的增加或减少用grow （increase） 和 fall （decrease）; 人口的多少用large和small。
there has been a rapid increase in population in the city in the last few years.
近几年该城市人口增长很快。
拓展：population explosion人口爆炸 a large / small population 人口多/少
联系记忆：the majority of后可用单数名词, 也可用复数名词, 谓语动词的数与of 后面的名词相一致。
the majority of people ___________________peace to war.
the majority of the damage __________________easy to repair.
3. suffer vi. 受痛苦；受损害 vt. 遭受；忍受
in the 16th century, after the arrival of europeans, the native people suffered greatly.
辨析：suffer与suffer from
suffer （vt.） 和suffer from的区别：suffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等, 其宾语为pain, loss, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment, setback （挫折），但suffer from表示遭受战争，自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意
suffer the result /heavy losses /injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤
suffer from headache/illness/war/the flood 遭受头痛/疾病的困扰/战争/ 洪水
4. follow v. 跟着，接着，跟踪
the little girl follows her mother around all day. 这个小姑娘整天跟着她母亲。
（1）follow v. 沿……而行；顺着
follow the road until you come to the hotel. 顺着这条路一直走到旅馆。
（2）follow v.明白；懂
i didn’t quite follow you, would you explain it again? 我没太听明白，你能解析一下吗?
（3）follow v.听从；服从
if you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would not stay in bed.
如果你听从了医生的建议的话，今天你就不会躺在床上了.
拓展：as follow如下 following a.随后的 n.下一个 follower n.追随者
follow in one’s footsteps步某人的后尘，以……为榜样
考点例题：
1）the president came in the hall with many reporters ______________.（follow）
2）that young teacher _______________ by students is miss zhang.（follow）
5. remain的用法:
remain用作不及物动词，意为“剩下、留下、呆在”，相当于stay。如：
when the others had gone, joan remained （=stayed）to clean the room.
别人走了，琼留下来清扫房间
区别：stay通常指在某地呆一段时间而不离开，或暂时住在某地，尤指宾客逗留，而remain指别人已经走了，而某人仍在原地。
he stayed at the hotel for three days.
only a few leaves remained （=were still） on the tree. 树上只剩下几片叶子了。
the smiths remained there all through the year. 史密斯一家人在那里呆了整整一年。
the soldiers were ordered to remain where they were. 士兵们接到命令呆在原地。
注意：“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能说stay （at） home. remain作连系动词，意为“一直保持，仍然处于某种状态中”，后可接多种成分作表语。
1）接名词作表语
peter became a manager but john remained a worker.
2）接形容词作表语
whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest.
3）接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作。如：
they never remained satisfied with their successes. （表主语所处的状态）
they remained locked in the room. （已经发生的被动动作）
4）接现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的动作。如:
the guests came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading. （正在进行的主动动作）
they remained listening.
5）接不定式作表语，表示将来的动作。如:
this remains to be proved. 这有待证实。（将来被动动作）
考点例题：
having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______whether they will enjoy it.
a. to see b. to be seen c. seeing d. seen
二、重点短语
1. it is likely that … = it is possible/ probably that …有可能
however, it is likely that native americans were living in california at least fifteen thousand years ago.
可能性：likely （主语可以是人/物/it）
possible （可能性较小，主语是it ）
probable （可能性较大，主语是it）
拓展：sb./sth. is likely to do sth. 某人/某物有可能做某事
it is likely/probable/possible that... 有可能
it is possible for sb. to do sth.... 有可能做……
考点例题：is he __________________ to win? 他有可能获胜吗？
it’s___________, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。
it’s ____________________ that he went there. 他很可能去那儿了!
this way makes it ___________________ for you to catch up with others. 这种方法使你有可能赶上别人.
2. die from the diseases死于疾病
in addition, many died from the diseases brought by europeans.
die of cancer/hunger/sorrow/thirst/ old age死于癌症/饥饿/悲痛/干旱/衰老
die from a wound/overwork/an unknown cause死于外伤/过度劳累/不明原因
考点例题：
1）many of them ____________ starvation.
2）the soldier_______________ a wound in the breast.
a. died of b. died from c. died to d. died with
3. fight for “为事业，自由，真理，权利等而斗争（战斗）”
fight against （可用with） the enemy “为反对……而斗争”；接人和国家名词，意思是“与……战斗”
fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战
fight a war/ battle 打一场战争
翻译：他们正为自由而战。
________________________________________________________________________
4.
a great / good many
a large number of
scores of
dozens of 修饰
可数
名词
复数 a good/great deal of
a large / great amount of
large amounts of 修饰
不可
数名
词
a lot of = lots of
plenty of
a large/great quantity of =quantities of
a supply of =supplies of
可数名词复数/不可数名词
考点例题：
1）i imagine if one day i had ___________ money, i would go traveling around the world.
a. a large number of b. a good many
c. a large amount of d. a plenty of
2）every year we have to plant _________ trees and flowers along the river.
a. a good deal of b. quantities of c. a good many of d. numbers of
三. 重点句型
the fact is that they are natural clones of each other.（作表语）
the fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.（作同位语）
then came the disturbing news that dolly had become seriously ill.（作同位语）
however, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. （作宾语）
拓展：同位语从句the appositive clause
（1）同位语从句的定义
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名词的后面, 对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, 连接副词how, when, where, whether, what等。
e.g. the hope that he may recover is not gone yet.
the problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
i have no idea when he will come back.
注意：同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：
the story goes that william tell killed the king with an arrow.
word came that their team had won.
（2）同位语从句的表现形式:
① 由that引导
the fact that you haven’t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
② 由whether引导
the question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.
③ 由when引导
i have no idea when they will go.
（3）有时可用 namely （即）, that is to say （也就是说）, in other words （换句话说）, that is （那就是）, for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。
he told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all.
there is only one way of improving your english , that is , to practice more.
（4）同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆，我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们：
①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词；定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的
we express the hope that they will come to visit china again.（同位语从句）
those who want to go please sign their names here.（定语从句）
② 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
the news that they won the match is true.（同位语从句，news和从句没有逻辑关系）
the news that you told us yesterday is true.（定语从句，news是told的逻辑宾语）
考点例题：用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。
1）i can’t decide ____________________ book i should buy.
2）china is no longer _________________ it used to be.
3）i am very interested in ____________ he improved his english in such a short time.
4）_______________ we need is more money.
5）the truth ________________ the earth turns around the sun is known to us.
6）______________ and _______________ we will meet has not been decided yet.
【模拟试题】
（一）根据所给汉语完成句子。
1. in 1089 they came to shenzhen and started to _____________________（新生活）.
2. there are ______________________（很多原因）why shouldn’t do it.
3. it ____________________（她突然想到） that she could turn to john for help.
4. the photos will show you _____________________________（我们村子是个什么样子）.
5. we haven’t settled the problems of ________________________. （她有没有必要去国外学习）
6. don’t put off till tomorrow _____________________________. （今天能做的事情）
7. since mr zhang______________（遭受） cancer for several years, he has to bring medicine to wherever he goes.
8. do you know who _____________ （可能）win the competition?
（二）把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句。
1. two fifths of all girls in america are on a diet./the fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.
2. the queen of england was on a four-day visit in china./we heard the news last night.
3. teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online. /many chinese parents hold the view.
4. time travel is possible./we have no scientific proof for the idea.
5. students should be given more free time./the suggestion is welcomed by many people.
（三）完形填空
when one asks students the question “who likes grammar?”, perhaps few dare to raise their lands. in many 1 this understandable in britain. yet, 2 , the study of grammar is one of the fastest growing areas of research in universities all over the world. 3 more so is the fact that many students who do not like grammar in school choose 4 as their subject of study in the university.
the rather strange state of affairs 5 an explanation. on the whole, students consider the study of grammar uninteresting, and grammar is 6 taught in most britain middle schools. however, language , which would be impossible without grammar, is an important part of human society. 7 , it is the foundation on which society builds itself. and it is our ability to use language that makes it possible for us to get 8 know our thoughts and aims, 9 to communicate. a large part of our ability even to 10 depends on language.
（ ）1. a. reasons b. ways c. subjects d. ideas
（ ）2. a. strangely b. suddenly c. completely d. excitingly
（ ）3. a. ever b. even c. what’s d. indeed
（ ）4. a. education b. grammar c. language d. anything
（ ）5. a. makes b. asks c. needs d. suggests
（ ）6. a. poorly b. carefully c. successfully d. attentively
（ ）7. a. but b. in fact c. as a result d. on the other hand
（ ）8. a. ourselves b. yourselves c. others d. other countries
（ ）9. a. to the point b. to our joy c. in public d. in other words
（ ）10. a. talk b. think c. review d. consider
【试题答案】
（一）1. make a new life 2. a great/good many reasons 3. suddenly occurred to her 4. what our village looks like 5. whether it is necessary for her to study abroad 6. what you can do today 7. has suffered from 8. is likely to
（二）1. the fact that two fifths of all girls in america are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.
2. we heard the news last night that the queen of england was on a four-day visit in china.
3. many chinese parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online.
4. we have no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.
5. the suggestion that students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people.
（三）答案及解析
1. 选b in many ways在很多方面
2. 选a strangely 奇怪地，此处表示“不可思议地”，因为虽然在英国很少有人喜欢语法，但是研究语法却是全世界发展最快的领域之一，真是不可思议。
3. 选b根据more可以确定答案。
4. 选b本文主题词grammar。
5. 选c这种相当奇怪的状况需要一种解释。而make an explanation表示“作解释”。
6. 选a poorly不好；很差，与上句的uninteresting相呼应。
7. 选b实际上，语言是社会赖以构成的基础 as a result结果 on the other hand另一方面。
8. 选c这是一个强调句
9. 选d in other words 换句话说，用来解释上句的意思，to communicate与let others know our thoughts and aims的意思相似。
10. 选b。
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