习题+答案
2.1
Write T or F to each statement
T6. An asynchronous device is a clocked device.
T7. A latch is an asynchronous device, because it functions at arbitrary times. T8. The repetition of clock pulse can vary from very low rate to very high rate. T9. A synchronous device changes its state only on the arrival of a clock pulse. F10. A clock input may occur at any time.
T11. The clock pulses are used to synchronize all operations of the shift register. T13. A unidirectional shift register is capable of shifting in one direction only.
F14. In a shift-left register the serial input determines what goes into the leftmost position during the shift register.
F15. To provide parallel transfer capability some additional input and output lines
should be provided to the shift register.
Choose the best answer for each of the following
1. How can the output of a logic gate be energized?C A By changing its inputs.
B By remaining its inputs unchanged.
C By meeting the specific input condition. D By giving a pulse.
3. A NAND gate consists of D .
A an OR gate followed by an inverter B an AND gate followed by an inverter C an AND gate followed by an OR gate D an inverter followed by an AND gate
4. Under what condition is the output of a two-input XOR gate logic-high?B A Its inputs are simultaneously at the same logic level. B Its inputs are simultaneously at opposite logic levels. C Its inputs are logic-low.
D its inputs are simultaneously logic-high. 2.2
Write T or F for each statement
T 1. The CPU uses the input and output units to communicate with the outside world. F2. Main memory is sometimes called external memory.
F3. After execution the program and the related files of data and files of information will be retained in the main memory for later use.
F4. Personal computers have not the features of the larger system..
T5. Large systems offer higher processing speeds for user and return more data than PCs. F6. CPUs all size have primary storage, arithmetic logic, and the control section.
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F7. The output device is the heart of any computer system.
T8. The input/output devices and auxiliary storage units of a computer system are called peripherals.
F9. The instrument of interpretation and communication between humans and computers system of all sizes is CPU.
F10 Special purpose computers can adapted to many situation by giving them an appropriate program.
F11 .A minicomputer is the smallest and least expensive type of computer.
T12. A special purpose computer performs only one specific task and thus lacks versatility. T13. The larger the system the greater is its processing speed, storage capacity. T14. Mainframe computers are designed to process complex scientific application. T 9. The main memory in a general-purpose computer is made up of RAM integrated circuit chip.\\
F 10. When the power is turned on, the program counter is set the first address of the bootstrap loader by the software of the computer.
T 11. The read-write heads contact the surface of the floppy disks.
T 12. The data on a particular track will be switched automatically onto a spare track by the computer before a catastrophic failure would occur.
F 14. The read write heads stay on the same track continuously when the disk drive is Working
F 16. The possible symbols in the binary numbering system are q to 9. F 17. The decimal value of 16 is represented in 4 bits BCD as 00010101.
F 18. Alphanumeric versions of BCD commonly use 6,7or 8 bits to represent characters.
F 19. A 6 bit alphanumeric code can represent 128 different characters.
F 22. Eight bit codes are limited to representing 128 different characters.
T23. An extra check (or parity ) bit is often added to each 6, 7, or 8 bit character represented in storage
so that it will be possible to detect coding errors that may occur.
T24. If a computer uses an odd parity format to detect errors in character codes, then every valid character code will always have an odd number of 1 bits.
T25. Processor comes with a unique set of operations called an instruction set. F 26. In an instruction, operands specify the function to be performed.
T 27. A processor's job is to retrieve instruction from memory and perform step by step operations, 3.3 True or False
F1 All operating systems on various computers take the same size. F 2 All operating systems were written in a low level language.
T3 The user can't use the computers at all if there is no operating system on the computers.
F4 The operating system exists in the lowest layer of a computer. T5 The system calls are provided by the operating system.
T 6 A computer's operational software defines the schedule of jobs awaiting execution.
F7 Though an operating system can schedule the execution of jobs, it does not manage the availability of I/O devices.
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T 8 The IOCS component of an operating system controls I/O operations.
T9 It is a major problem for the operating system to map the logical file concept onto physical storage devices such as magnetic tape or disk. F10 Files can only be direct access on a disk system.
T 11 The logic structure and nomenclature of the different operating systems vary considerable.
F12 The form of the system prompt is the same for every kind of operating system 13 You must boot the system, before you use a microcomputer.
T14 Spooling is an approach to improving system performance by over aping the input of one job with the output of other jobs. T15 Multiprogramming allows time sharing.
T1 6 When they first appeared, the microcomputers were provided with the operating system developed for computers.
T17 By using the graphical user interface, what the users need to do is to \"point and click\" in order to accomplish their tasks.
T18 The interface introduced by Windows is the object-oriented user interface. T 19.TMicrosoft failed in betting their future on Windows.
Multiple Choice
1 A computer's operating system is:D
a resource management b error recovery c memory management d all the above 2 Which is the generalization of a two-level directory?D
a cycle graph directory structure b a tree-structured c batch system d all the above 3 Which system may have no time constrains?C
a real-time system b time-share system c batch system d all the above 4 The more popular micro operating system is:D
a MS-DOS b CP/M
c UNIX d all the above
5 What languages can be used to develop the operating systems ?C a A machine language, b An assembly language. c A high level language, d all of the above.
6 How does the operating system manage the resources of the computer? a It turns on or off the resources of the computer.
b It makes them work together towards some common goals, or objectives. c It controls the way in which these resources are put to work. d It acts directly on the raw hardware. 7 The function of an operating system isD
a to drive the the raw hardware of the computer
b to drive the resources of the computer in accordance with certain objectives
c to provide the higher layers of software with a simplified computer
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d all of the above
11 The graphical user interface provides the users with A a simpler way to interact with their computers B a series of typed commands
C an intuitive sit of graphical icons that allowed the completion of common tasks
D an intuitive set of graphical incons for users to \"point and click\" in order to
accomplish their tasks, so that they didn't have to remember arcane words and
commands anymore
12 Windows resemble the Macintosh in
A providing a GUI which is introduced by Macintosh B providing a limited means of multitasking
C providing a Windows interface just like the GUI
D allowing users to load multiple programs and have them run in the background while doing other work in a window in the foreground
3.4 True or False
F1 Flowcharting is used primarily for program design and rarely for systems design. T2 When programming in a procedure-oriented language, you should tell the computer'
‘ what to do' and 'how to do it'.
T3 Assembler-level languages use mnemonics to represent instructions.
T4 Machine language instructions are composed of a label, an opcode, and an operand.
F5 Machine languages must be converted by a compiler to be used by the computer. F6 High-level languages require that programmers work with individual main storage locations.. 5
T7 A compiler is translating program that converts high-level languages into machine language.
T9 A flowchart loop indicates the repetitive performance of steeps to process data. T10 None of the computers consists of hardware only.
F11 Programs written in high-level language can be executed by the computers without the help of a translator program~
T13 Each symbolic instruction has one-to-one correspondence with the machine instruction.
T 14 Writing a program in a high-level language need not take account of the hardware
of the computer.
T 15 The opode of an assembly language instruction specifies the operation that is to be
performed by the microprocessor.
T 17 The mnemonic for the instruction is the symbolic representation of the actual binary code that the computer directly executes.
T 18 A label is on the left of the assembly language statement.
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T 21 To enable the computer to solve an application problem programmers have to write programs in order to translate the application concepts into computer concepts.
T 22 A class is defined by grouping a user-defined type with all procedures and function that can be applied to it.
T 23 The artificial intelligence research community did not agree with the concepts of object-oriented programming when in its early days.
F24 Object-oriented programming languages are absolutely different from the LISP programming language.
T 25 A program may produce incorrect output even if it runs OK. T 26 An error will occur if a program wants to use a deleted file. F 27 All the errors can be avoided.
T 28 A warning will not terminate the program.
T 29 Although we could not avoid all the runtime errors, we must take appropriate action when it happens.
Match the following terms to the appropriate definition
1 program 2 programmer 3 machine language 4 assembler 5 source 6 object 7 interpreter 8 compiler
A A computer program that translates an instruction into machine language, execute it, and then repeats the process for each instruction in a program until the program is finished.7
B The set of statements that make up a computer program.5
C A computer program that reads a high-level language instruction.8
D A computer-specific set of primitive or elementary instructions that allows people to communicate with a particular computer.3
E A set of instruction that tells a computer what to do.1
F A program that translates an assembly-level language into machine language4. G Output from a compiler or assembler that is linked with other code to produce executable machine language code.6
H A person who creates computer program.2 3.5
True or false
T1 The program specifications are written by the software engineers.
F2 Coding a program will consume most of programmer's time and effort.
T 3 Programmers should use flowchart and other visual aids when they are designing routines.
F4 The goal of the test phase of program development is to \"prove\" that a particular program has been completely debugged.
T 5 More programmers maintain programs rather than code programs. T 6 A structured program is made up of several modules.
T 7 \"Branching\" capability is one the most intriguing properties of a digital computer.
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