点归纳
2017高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳 一、名词的数 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 62) Tdas had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the vg the
medical community was trying to fight.
解析：effects表示“一些意料外的副作用”，故用复数。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷 61) It ran for just under seven kiland allowed
people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd)ads... 解析：crowds避免拥挤的人群。
3. (2017 全国III卷 67) She has turned down several 67 (invitation)
to star at shows in ordaudies.
解析：invitations由前面的several可知，要用复数形式。 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 I 卷）Tuating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”
解析：word-*words后面有并列的三句话，故word用复数words。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷）Besidguseful informaI解析：informations-information因information是不可数名词，没有复数 形式。 二、代词
阅读理解world’amous musicialy gathered in Paris and New Orlealebraannual International Jazz Day... DlebraugUazz auduand grow older, and the music has failedwith younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. Ad’s aadvazz, Morawiden the audazz, mauaccessible, and preservand culture.
29. What dunderlined word “that” in Paragra? A. Jazz becoming more accessible.
B. The produazz growing faazz being less popular wung. D. The jazz audience becoming larger.
解析：指代前句中即前一段的最后一句中的the music has failedwith younger generations,比较各选项，只
有C正确。 语法填空
(2017 全国 II 卷 67) Howevailway quickly proved to be a great success and wxan 25,000 people were using 67 every day.
解析：it指代前句中的the railway。 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 II 卷)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all wur school.
解析：all-*both考查代词。因Mr. and Mrs. Zhang是两个人，而all是指 三者或三者以上的“都”，故改all为表示两者“都”的both。
2. (2017 全国 III 卷）Tubrings baany haur high school days.
解析：you—my是“我的”照片，应是“我的”学生时代回忆美好的事。
(P171 第二组第二篇)1 can climb the hills. All this will bg and
good for your health. Above all, I can leaabout nature.
解析(P55): your—my由语境可知，应是对“我的”身体有益。
三、冠词 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 65) Ault, people will eadake uag missing.
解析：a因as a result固定短语。
2. (2017 全国III卷 62) Insteadarning £6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.
解析：a表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。 3. (2017 全国 II 卷 64) This included digging uad, laying the track and
then building a strong roof ov解析：the特指这条路的 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 1 卷）I still remember how hard A first day was.
解析：在first前加the或my在序数词前要用定冠词the，在本文语境里，
也可用my,表示“我学习驾驶的第一天”。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷）They live fal, and it taabout a hour and a half to go to work every day. 解析：a改成an /one 因half是以元音音素开头的，表示数量“一”，要用an 或 one。
3. (2017 全国III卷)Around me in A picture ags that
were valife at that time
解析：在picture前加the或this特指上面提到的这张照片。 四、 介词 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 61) Td, which was started bdical community (医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some
unintended siduch as overweight and heart disease... 解析：as表示“作为” 一种方法。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷 62) ... and allowed people to avoid terrible crowdads above aavelled to and 62 work. 解析：from因是固定搭配，表示“往返，来回”，to and from work意为 “上下班”。
3. (2017 全国III卷 68) Al she plans to take a yeadel full-time before going to univget a deggineering or aure.
解析：in表示“某方面的学位”用介词in。又如：take /get a degree in law 获得法律学位。 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 I 卷]0) It was a relief and I came to a sudduddlad.
解析：on-*of考查介词。表示“在y…的中间”是ddle of。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷 6) They have also bouggardening tools.
解析：for考查介词。因buy是及物动词，表示买某物，其后直接接宾语。
3. (2017 全国III卷 1) When I look aulf I realw falies.
解析：删除realize后的of因realize是及物动词，后直接接宾语从句， 不再用介词of，故删除。 五、 并列连词 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 I 卷）Before gettingar, I thought I had learneductor’s ordI started the cad went blank. 解析：so-*but /yet考查并列连词。前后是转折关系。 2. (2017 全国III卷）I have growlally, and also mentallast few years.
解析：and—but 因 not only... but also 是固定搭配。 六、从句连词 定语从句 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 70) Having enough fat and salt in
your meals will reduce the urge to snack(口乞;between meals and will improve the taur food... Like anythingble to have too much of both, 70goodalth. 解析：which引导非限制性定语从句用which。
2. (2017 全国III卷 64) But Sarah, 64 has taken paws along
wdels, wave that she has brains as well as beauty. 解析：who因谓语动词是后面的want,所以两个逗号之间是一个定语从 句，先行词是人又在从句中作主语，故填who。 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 II 卷)Iaad in planting vegetablgarden, thause.
解析：tha卜which考^从句连词。引导非限制性定语从句不能用that，先 行词garden是物，用which。 2. (2017 全国III卷）Aroundure ags they were valife at tha解析：they-*that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是物， 应用 that 或 which。 七、谓语动词 时态 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 67) Even wamount of fast food that people eat
goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt. 解析：is主第M称单词，由上下文可知用一般现在时，故填is。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷 68) Later, eng(manage)uct railways in adeep tunnels (隧道）which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible... 解析：managed这是谓语动词，根据上下文谓语动词的时态可知，也用 一般过去时。
3. (2017 全国III卷 69) My dadI should taw. But at thal 69 (come)I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.
解析：comes由上下文的时态可知，用一般现在时。 短文改错
(2017 全国 I 卷 4) Before gettingar, I thought I had learneductor’s orders, but once I started the cad goes blank.
解析：goes---went上下文均为一般过去时。
(2017 全国 II 卷 9) When summer cawill invud解析：came-*comes主句谓语动词will invite是一般将来吋，从句应用一
般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填comes。 (2017 全国 III卷 2) I had growlally, but also
mentallast few years.
解析：had-*have因ast few years常与现在完成时连用，故改had 为 have。
(2017 全国III卷 5) I enteredd year of high school and become a new membl music club.
解析：become-*-became 由 and 可知，become 应与前面的 entered—致， 又由从句谓语was可知，用一般过去时。 语态 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 64) Fat and salt are vant parts of a diet. They are
requiredd that we eat... When fat and salt 64 (remove)dd tastes agg.
解析：are removed表示“被移除”，上下文为现在时。 2. (2017 全国 II 卷 65) Steam eng(use) to pull the carriages
and it must have been fairly unpleasaassengers... Howevailway quickly proved to be a great su解析：were used因与是被动关系，又是过去的动作，故用一般过去时的 被动语态，主语是复数，填were used。 3. (2017全国III卷 63) Sarah 63 (tell) thauld be
Britain’s new
supermodel, earning a million dollaxt year. Her father Pwagive up school...
解析：has been told /was told由tell sb sth可知要用被动语态，由语境可知， 应是“己有人告诉她”或“曾有人告诉她”，故用现在完成时或一般过去时的 被动语态。 短文改错
(2017 全国 III卷）Abouawas took，I enteredd year of high school...
解析：took-*taken这是被动语态，应是was加take的过去分词，而take 的过去分词是taken，故took改为taken。
七、非谓语动词 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 I 卷 63) Fat and salt are vant parts of a diet. They are
required 63 (process)d that we eavury and for several other bodily fu解析：由require sb to do sth可知，用不定式作主补。
2. (2017 全国III卷 65) But Sarah, who has taken paws along wdels, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
解析：ve 由 want to do sth.可知。
3. (2017 全国 I 卷 68) Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat)
more fast food people will galt and fat thaddiet. 解析：eating在介词后作宾语要用动名词。
4. (2017 全国 II 卷 63) This included digging uad, 63 (lay)
the track and then building a strong解析：laying与前面的digging及后面的and then building为并列关系， —起作included的宾语；根据“并列一致”可知，也应用-ing形式，故填laying (铺)。 5. (2017 全国III卷 61)But unll friends, 16-year-old Sarading half-ter1 (rest). 解析：resting 由 spend... doing sth.可知。 短文改错
(2017 全国 II 卷 10) When suwill invudents Avegetables!
解析：在pick前加to考查非谓语动词。由invite sb to do sth可知。
八、词类转换 语法填空
1. (2017 全国 II 卷 69) This development was only possible w(introduce) of electric-powered engines
and lifts.
解析：introduction作介词的宾语要用名词或者在冠词the后要名词，表 示“采用，引入”，故填introductiono
2. (2017 全国III卷 66)dd to carry on w(educate). 解析：education作介词的宾语或在形容词性物主代词后，要用名词。
3. (2017 全国 1 卷 69) However, be 69 (care)go to ex解析：careful作表语要用形容词厂
4. (2017 全国 II 卷 70) Tal London Railway wa0 (success)w l解析：successful因uccessful为形容词的最高级，后面省略了名 词 l(2017 全国III卷 70) It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
解析：certainly修饰动词用副词，意为：这“当然是”有趣的事。
6. (2017 全国 II 卷 66) Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it
must have been 66 (fair) unpleasaassengers, with alland解析：fairly修饰形容词unpleasant，表示“相当地”，用副词fairly。 短文改错*
1. (2017 全国 I 卷）It was a relief and I came to a suddenluddlad.
解析：suddenly-*sudden考查词类转换。在名词前作定语要用形容词。
2. (2017 全国III 卷）I enjoyed studying dds of cars and planes...
解析：d—d在名词前作定语要用形容词。 八、比较等级 语法填空
(2017 全国 I 卷 66) Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
解析：worse表示比这“更糟糕的是”。 短文改错
1. (2017 全国 I 卷）A few minutes late，uctor askedar.
解析：late—later考查比较等级。表示“多久以后”，是“时间段+later”。
2. (2017 全国 II 卷）Tget up earlier and wavegetables together. 解析：earlier-early考查比较等级。当没有比较对象时，用原级。
3. (2017 全国III卷）I enjoyed studying dds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the
late music albums.
解析：late — latest指“最新的”音乐集唱片，故用最高级。 九、序数词
(2017 全国 I 卷 1) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving l解析:eighteen---eighteenth考查数词。表示“第十八”岁生日，要用序 数词。 十、祈使句
(2017 全国 I 卷）Tuating the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”
解析：Tuming---Tum考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头。 十一、其他
(2017 全国 I 卷 7) I was^o much nervous that I could hardly tell which dwas left.
解析：删除so后的much考查much的用法。因much不能修饰形容词的 原级。
(2017 全国 II 卷 7) Besidguseful informa解析：Beside-*Besides考类转换。因beside是介词，意为“在 的旁
边”；besides可作副词，表示“此外，而且”。
分词形容词的区别
(2017 全国 II 卷)Iaag in planting vegetablgarden... 解析：g-*d考查分词形容词的区别。表示人“对 感 兴趣的”，用-ed形式；表示某事物是“令人感兴趣的”用-ing形式。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容